Moving into a new home is exciting, but amid the chaos of packing boxes and coordinating movers, it’s easy to overlook crucial plumbing inspections. We’ve seen countless families face unexpected leaks and costly repairs within weeks of settling in—problems that could’ve been identified before signing those final papers.
That’s why we’ve compiled essential plumbing checks that should top your moving checklist. From inspecting water pressure to examining pipe conditions, these simple evaluations can save you thousands in emergency repairs and countless headaches down the road. We’ll walk you through what to look for, questions to ask previous owners, and red flags that warrant professional attention.
Why Plumbing Inspection Matters When Moving Homes
Plumbing issues can transform your dream home into a nightmare within days of moving in. A thorough plumbing inspection protects your investment and prevents unexpected expenses during what’s already a costly life transition.
Health Safeguards
Plumbing defects directly impact your family’s health. Contaminated water from corroded pipes or cross-connections introduces harmful bacteria into your drinking supply. Leaking fixtures create moisture that promotes mold growth, triggering respiratory issues, allergies, and other health concerns, especially in children and elderly family members.
Peace of Mind
Moving is stressful enough without worrying about potential plumbing disasters. Having a residential plumber inspect the system gives you confidence in your new home’s condition. You’ll sleep better knowing you won’t wake up to flooded floors or sewage backups during your first weeks in the new house.
Negotiation Leverage
Discovered plumbing issues provide powerful negotiation tools. When our clients identify significant plumbing defects before closing, they’ve successfully:
- Reduced purchase prices
- Requested seller-funded repairs
- Established repair escrow accounts
- Received home warranty extensions
A qualified residential plumber’s inspection report provides documented evidence that strengthens your position when requesting concessions from sellers.
Essential Kitchen Plumbing Checks
The kitchen contains some of the most frequently used plumbing fixtures in your new home. Identifying potential issues early can prevent water damage and costly repairs down the road.
Sink and Faucet Inspection
Kitchen faucets often reveal underlying plumbing problems through subtle signs. Examine the faucet for leaks around the base, handles, or spout when running water. Turn the water on and off several times to check for consistent pressure—low or irregular flow indicates potential blockages or supply issues. Test both hot and cold water functions to verify proper temperature regulation. Don’t forget to look beneath the sink for moisture or water stains while the faucet is running, which signals hidden leaks. Also inspect the shut-off valves to ensure they operate smoothly in case of emergencies.
Dishwasher Connections
Dishwasher plumbing problems can cause extensive water damage if left unchecked. Carefully pull your dishwasher out (if possible) to inspect the water supply line for cracks, kinks, or signs of corrosion. Check that the drain hose forms a high loop or is properly connected to an air gap to prevent backflow contamination. Examine all connection points for evidence of leaks, including the floor underneath and adjacent cabinetry. Run a short dishwasher cycle and observe the connections during operation to catch any active leaks that might only appear during water pressure changes.
Under-Sink Pipe Assessment
The area beneath your kitchen sink harbors critical plumbing components requiring thorough inspection. Check all visible pipes for corrosion, greenish discoloration on copper pipes, or white mineral buildup—all signs of potential leaks. Place paper towels under the drain connections, then run water and check for dampness to detect slow leaks. Verify that P-traps are properly aligned and securely fastened to prevent sewer gas from entering your home. Examine any flexible supply lines for bulging or cracking, as these typically need replacement every 5-7 years. Test the garbage disposal (if present) for proper operation and secure connections.
Bathroom Plumbing Inspection Points
Bathroom plumbing issues can cause significant damage and disruption in a new home. Thorough inspection of bathroom fixtures helps prevent unexpected repairs and ensures everything functions properly from day one.
Toilet Functionality Testing
Toilet problems lead to water waste and potential floor damage if left unchecked. Flush each toilet to verify proper operation and watch for complete tank refilling. Check the water level in the tank to confirm it stops at the appropriate mark without running continuously. Examine the base of the toilet for moisture or staining that indicates leaks from the wax ring seal. Test the stability of the toilet by gently rocking it – movement suggests loose floor connections that require immediate attention. Look for cracks in the porcelain and inspect supply line connections for corrosion or moisture.
Shower and Bathtub Drainage
Efficient drainage prevents water damage and mold growth in bathroom spaces. Turn on showers and bathtubs to assess water pressure consistency and temperature control. Time how quickly water drains after filling the tub partially – slow drainage indicates potential clogs in the pipes. Look for mineral buildup or corrosion on showerheads and faucets. Inspect the caulking around tub edges and shower enclosures for gaps, cracks, or mold. Check the condition of diverter valves to ensure they properly direct water between tub spouts and showerheads. Examine visible pipes underneath for leaks or signs of previous water damage.
Sink and Vanity Examination
Bathroom sinks face daily use and require careful inspection for optimal performance. Test sink drains by filling basins and watching drainage speed – water should flow smoothly without gurgling. Examine underneath vanities for moisture, water stains, or corrosion on pipes and connections. Check P-traps for proper installation and secure fittings. Test hot and cold water operation, noting any unusual noises or pressure fluctuations. Inspect countertop seams around sink basins for proper sealing that prevents water infiltration. Verify shut-off valves turn easily and completely stop water flow when needed for future maintenance.
Water Heater Evaluation
Water heater evaluation is a critical component of your home’s plumbing inspection. This essential system provides hot water throughout your home and requires careful assessment for safety, efficiency, and potential replacement needs.
Age and Condition Assessment
Determining your water heater’s age is our first recommendation, as most units have a 10-15 year lifespan. Even a functioning 15-year-old water heater is likely approaching the end of its service life and may require replacement soon. Look for the manufacturer’s label with production date or check serial numbers, which often encode manufacturing dates. We also recommend reviewing installation paperwork to verify if the manufacturer’s warranty remains valid. Inspect the tank exterior for rust spots, corrosion, or moisture accumulation – these indicate potential failure points requiring immediate attention.
Pressure Relief Valve Testing
The temperature and pressure relief (T&P) valve serves as a critical safety feature on water heaters, preventing dangerous pressure buildup. Test this valve by lifting the lever halfway and releasing it – proper function results in water discharging into the drain tube. The valve should return to its original position when released, stopping water flow completely. If the valve fails to discharge water, continues leaking after closing, or shows signs of corrosion, replacement is necessary. We recommend testing this valve annually and during home inspections to ensure proper operation and prevent potential catastrophic failures.
Main Water Line and Pressure Checks
The main water line serves as the lifeline of your home’s plumbing system, delivering water throughout your property. Examining this critical component helps prevent costly repairs and ensures safe, reliable water service in your new home.
Inspect for Leaks and Corrosion
The main water line requires thorough inspection for any signs of deterioration or damage. Look for water stains, dampness, or mold around pipes and connections, as these indicate potential leaks. Examine all visible portions of the main line for corrosion, which appears as discoloration, flaking, or buildup on metal surfaces. Corroded pipes often lead to reduced water pressure and contaminated water supply. Pay special attention to pipe joints and connections where leaks commonly develop.
Check for Lead Pipes
Homes built before 1970 often contain lead pipes, posing serious health risks through water contamination. Test your pipes using a simple magnet – lead pipes won’t attract the magnet while iron pipes will. Lead pipes typically have a dull gray color and feel soft when scratched with a key or coin. If you discover lead pipes, consider replacement as a priority to protect your family’s health. Many municipalities offer programs to assist homeowners with lead pipe replacement.
Water Meter Inspection
Your water meter provides valuable insights into your plumbing system’s condition. Locate the meter (typically near the street or property line) and check for leaks by turning off all water fixtures in your home. If the meter continues to run, you’ve got an active leak somewhere in your system. Examine the meter casing for cracks or damage that might allow water contamination. Take an initial reading to establish a baseline for future comparison and to monitor water usage in your new home.
Pressure Testing
Proper water pressure ensures comfortable showers and efficient appliance operation. Test pressure using an inexpensive pressure gauge attached to an outdoor spigot or washing machine connection. Normal residential water pressure ranges between 40-80 psi, with 50-60 psi considered optimal. Pressure below 40 psi indicates potential blockages or supply problems, while readings above 80 psi can damage appliances and plumbing fixtures. Install a pressure regulator if your readings fall outside the recommended range to protect your plumbing system from excessive stress.
Basement and Exterior Plumbing
The basement and exterior areas house critical plumbing components that often reveal hidden issues in a new home. Inspecting these elements thoroughly helps identify potential problems before they escalate into costly repairs.
Inspect Visible Pipes and Fittings
Basement pipes reveal the overall health of your plumbing system. Examine all visible pipes for water stains, corrosion, or active leaks that indicate ongoing problems. Look specifically for green discoloration on copper pipes, which signals corrosion, and rust on iron pipes. Check pipe joints and connections carefully, as these areas commonly develop leaks over time. Dampness, mold, or musty odors around pipes suggest existing moisture issues that require immediate attention.
Sewer Pipes and Vents
Proper sewer pipe function prevents hazardous conditions in your new home. Verify that sewer pipes are intact without cracks or damage that could lead to leakage. Ensure the home has an appropriate venting system—inadequate venting causes slow drains and allows sewer gases to enter living spaces. Examine the exterior sewer vent pipe for damage or blockages from debris, nests, or ice during winter months.
Water Heater
Water heater issues commonly arise in basement inspections. Inspect the unit thoroughly for signs of leaking, especially around the base where water often pools. Check for water stains or rust marks that indicate past leaks. Examine connections to and from the heater for secure fittings. The water heater’s age significantly impacts its reliability—most units last 10-15 years before requiring replacement.
Foundation Leak Detection
Foundation leaks create expensive structural damage if left unaddressed. Check the basement walls and floor for cracks, efflorescence (white mineral deposits), or water stains that indicate water infiltration. Run your hand along the foundation walls to detect dampness or moisture that might not be visible. Pay special attention to areas where pipes enter the foundation, as these penetration points frequently develop leaks. Test floor drains by pouring water to ensure proper drainage away from the foundation.
Outdoor Spigots and Drainage
Exterior plumbing components face constant exposure to weather extremes. Test all outdoor spigots by running water and checking for leaks around handles or connections to the house. Inspect hose bibs for frost damage, particularly in homes located in colder climates. Examine downspouts and gutters to ensure they direct water away from the foundation—improper drainage leads to basement flooding and foundation damage. Verify that the yard slopes away from the house, providing natural drainage that protects your foundation and basement from water intrusion.
Professional vs. DIY Plumbing Inspections
When to DIY
DIY plumbing inspections save money and provide immediate insights into your new home’s condition. They’re perfect for visible components like checking faucets for leaks, inspecting under-sink pipes, and testing drainage speeds. These simple tasks require minimal tools – just a flashlight, some paper towels, and a basic understanding of how plumbing works. We recommend conducting these visual inspections during your initial home tours to identify obvious red flags like water stains or mold that might indicate more serious issues.
When to Call a Professional
Professional plumbers bring specialized equipment and expertise to detect problems invisible to the untrained eye. They’re essential for examining main sewer lines, water heater safety features, and hidden pipe conditions.
Cost-Benefit Analysis
The investment in professional inspections pays off through negotiation leverage and prevention of emergency repairs. DIY inspections complement professional assessments by allowing you to monitor conditions between professional visits and maintain awareness of your plumbing system’s health. Combined, these approaches provide comprehensive protection for your home investment.
Plumbing Red Flags That Should Never Be Ignored
Visible Water Damage
Water stains on walls, ceilings, or floors indicate ongoing or previous leaks that require immediate attention. These discolorations often appear as brownish spots or rings and suggest potential pipe failures. Check closets, under sinks, and basement ceilings for these telltale signs of plumbing issues. Bubbling paint or warped woodwork also reveals hidden moisture problems that can lead to structural damage.
Inconsistent Water Pressure
Fluctuating water pressure throughout the home suggests serious plumbing problems. Low pressure may indicate pipe blockages, leaks, or municipal supply issues. Test multiple faucets and showers during your inspection to compare pressure levels. Sudden drops when using multiple fixtures simultaneously point to inadequate pipe sizing or deteriorating water lines that can’t handle normal household demands.
Strange Odors
Sewer gas smells—similar to rotten eggs—indicate failed drain traps or sewer line problems. These odors aren’t just unpleasant; they’re potential health hazards. Musty smells often reveal hidden leaks fostering mold growth behind walls or under flooring. Investigate any persistent plumbing-related odors immediately as they rarely resolve without intervention.
Aging Pipes
Older homes with original plumbing systems present significant risk factors. Galvanized steel pipes typically last 20-50 years before corrosion causes leaks. Polybutylene pipes (common in homes built 1978-1995) are prone to catastrophic failure and should be replaced. Inspect visible pipes for discoloration, flaking, or dimpling—all signs of impending failure that shouldn’t be overlooked during home evaluations.
Key Takeaways
- Inspecting plumbing before moving into a new home can save thousands in emergency repairs and prevent health hazards from contaminated water or mold growth
- Kitchen inspections should include checking sink faucets for leaks, examining dishwasher connections, and assessing under-sink pipes for corrosion or mineral buildup
- Bathroom plumbing checks should focus on toilet functionality, shower/bathtub drainage efficiency, and sink/vanity condition to prevent water damage
- Water heater evaluation is critical—check the unit’s age (10-15 year lifespan), exterior condition, and test the temperature and pressure relief valve for proper operation
Conclusion
Moving into a new home should be exciting not stressful. Taking the time to perform these essential plumbing checks can save you thousands in unexpected repairs and protect your family’s health.
We recommend combining your own visual inspections with a professional assessment for complete peace of mind. Remember that plumbing issues discovered before finalizing your purchase can become powerful negotiation tools.
Your dream home deserves a plumbing system that works flawlessly from day one. By adding these checks to your moving checklist you’ll ensure that leaky faucets noisy pipes and water pressure problems don’t dampen the joy of your new beginning. Happy house hunting and here’s to worry-free plumbing in your new home!
Frequently Asked Questions
Why are plumbing inspections important when buying a new home?
Plumbing inspections are crucial because they can reveal hidden issues that might lead to expensive repairs later. Many families encounter unexpected leaks shortly after moving in that could have been avoided. Early detection can save thousands in emergency repairs, protect your family’s health from contaminated water or mold, and provide peace of mind in your new home. Inspection findings can also serve as negotiation leverage for price reductions or seller-funded repairs.
What should I check in the kitchen plumbing?
Focus on inspecting kitchen faucets for leaks, water pressure consistency, and condition of shut-off valves. Examine dishwasher connections, including water supply lines and drain hoses for potential issues. Check under-sink pipes for signs of corrosion, leaks, and ensure proper alignment of components. These checks prevent water damage and costly repairs in one of your home’s most frequently used areas.
What are the essential bathroom plumbing inspection points?
Check toilet functionality through flushing tests, water level verification, and stability assessments. Inspect shower and bathtub drainage, water pressure, and the condition of caulking and diverter valves. Examine bathroom sinks and vanities, including drains, pipes, and shut-off valves. These inspections help prevent water damage, mold growth, and ensure optimal performance of bathroom fixtures.
How do I evaluate a water heater during inspection?
Assess the water heater’s age and condition, noting that most units last 10-15 years. Look for rust, corrosion, or moisture accumulation which indicate potential problems. Test the temperature and pressure relief (T&P) valve to ensure safety and prevent dangerous pressure buildup. Regular testing of this valve is essential to avoid catastrophic failures and maintain an efficient plumbing system.
What should I look for when checking the main water line?
Inspect for leaks, corrosion, and deterioration, particularly at pipe joints and connections. If the home was built before 1970, check for lead pipes and consider testing for lead contamination. Examine the water meter for signs of leaks or damage. Conduct pressure tests to ensure optimal water pressure (40-60 PSI) for comfortable living and efficient operation of fixtures and appliances.
What are important basement and exterior plumbing checks?
In the basement, inspect visible pipes for water stains, corrosion, and leaks. Check sewer pipes for proper function and venting systems for adequate ventilation. Outside, examine outdoor spigots for frost damage and ensure proper drainage away from the foundation. Look for signs of foundation leaks which could indicate serious issues. These checks help protect against water intrusion and maintain overall plumbing health.
Should I hire a professional or inspect plumbing myself?
Both approaches have value. DIY inspections save money and provide immediate insights into visible components. However, professional plumbers can detect hidden problems using specialized equipment and expertise. Consider a hybrid approach: conduct your own regular inspections and invest in professional assessments for comprehensive evaluations, especially when purchasing a home. This strategy offers the best protection for your investment.
What plumbing red flags should never be ignored?
Never ignore visible water damage, inconsistent water pressure, strange odors from drains, or aging pipes (especially galvanized steel). Other critical red flags include discolored water, slow drainage across multiple fixtures, unusually high water bills, and foundation cracks near plumbing areas. Addressing these issues promptly prevents further damage, costly repairs, and potential health hazards.